ABSTRACT
Anti-epidemic emergency engineering refers to the engineering response and construction project that must be timely implemented in the event of an epidemic event or hidden danger, which plays a decisive role in ensuring the prevention and control of the epidemic in the epidemic-stricken areas. Based on the initial development of COVID-19 epidemic and the anti-epidemic emergency engineering construction in Wuhan City, this paper analyzes the research significance of construction community in the anti-epidemic emergency engineering construction management, and presents a method of anti-epidemic emergency engineering management based on construction community, including the members composition and management contents of the construction community. Finally, a study of practical example is carried out based on the emergency engineering construction project of Huoshenshan Hospital. © Conference Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Project Management, China, ISPM 2022.
ABSTRACT
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animal and human health. Se deficiency and Se excessive intake can lead to severe symptoms and are related to diseases. Se is mainly combined with protein in the form of selenocysteine (Sec) and selenomethionine (Se-Met) in the human body. Generally, proteins formed by incorporating Sec into them are called selenoproteins, while proteins bound in other forms are called Se-containing proteins. Selenoprotein is the main form of Se to exert its biological functions in the human body, and Se deficiency could reduce the content and activity of selenoproteins and disturb the normal physiological function. Researches on the relationship between selenoproteins and human health have received increasing attention, and a comprehensive understanding of the function of selenoproteins is helpful to explain the effects of Se on human health. Although the functions of selenoproteins are not yet fully understood, the critical role of many selenoproteins in human health has been revealed increasingly. So far, 25 kinds of selenoproteins have been found in the human body, and this review focuses on the structure and biological function of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and iodothyronine deiodinase (ID) families and their relationship with diseases. It shows that selenoproteins such as GPX, TrxR and ID families have biological functions of regulating cell oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, antioxidant defense, immune response and inflammatory response. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and DNA methylation in the promoter region of selenoprotein are related to the risk of diseases. Selenoproteins play a vital role in the pathogenesis and prevention of diseases such as tumors, cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthritis (OA), Keshan disease (KSD), Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), and corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through their genetic and epigenetic forms. This research will provide clues and basis for further revealing the role of Se and selenoprotein in human health and screening to prevent disease targets. However, due to the complexity and unknown biological functions of selenoproteins, the mechanism of selenoproteins in resisting diseases and promoting human health is still worthy of further exploration and research.
ABSTRACT
Aiming at the problems of large consumption of new coronavirus detection materials and high risk of infection, a virtual training system for new coronavirus detection is designed and developed based on virtual reality technology. The system establishes a 3D model of new coronavirus detection scene and medical equipment, and simulates the process of pre detection, diagnosis, wearing protective clothing and nucleic acid collection. Combined with the system evaluation function, it can effectively improve the learning interest and efficiency.The results show that the irreversible medical operation with high risk of infection and the practice that is difficult to practice on site at ordinary times can be converted into the operation that can be practiced repeatedly.It has a certain reference significance to explore the application of virtual reality technology in medical training. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Macroscopic data aggregated from microscopic events are pervasive in machine learning, such as country-level COVID-19 infection statistics based on city-level data. Yet, many existing approaches for predicting macroscopic behavior only use aggregated data, leaving a large amount of fine-grained microscopic information unused. In this paper, we propose a principled optimization framework for macroscopic prediction by fitting microscopic models based on conditional stochastic optimization. The framework leverages both macroscopic and microscopic information, and adapts to individual microscopic models involved in the aggregation. In addition, we propose efficient learning algorithms with convergence guarantees. In our experiments, we show that the proposed learning framework clearly outperforms other plug-in supervised learning approaches in real-world applications, including the prediction of daily infections of COVID-19 and medicare claims. © 2020 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(H)) redox plays a key role in macrophage function. Surfactant protein (SP-) A modulates the functions of alveolar macrophages (AM) and ozone (O3) exposure in the presence or absence of SP-A and reduces mouse survival in a sex-dependent manner. It is unclear whether and how NAD(H) redox status plays a role in the innate immune response in a sex-dependent manner. We investigated the NAD(H) redox status of AM from SP-A2 and SP-A knockout (KO) mice in response to O3 or filtered air (control) exposure using optical redox imaging technique. We found: (i) In SP-A2 mice, the redox alteration of AM in response to O3 showed sex-dependence with AM from males being significantly more oxidized and having a higher level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species than females; (ii) AM from KO mice were more oxidized after O3 exposure and showed no sex differences; (iii) AM from female KO mice were more oxidized than female SP-A2 mice; and (iv) Two distinct subpopulations characterized by size and redox status were observed in a mouse AM sample. In conclusions, the NAD(H) redox balance in AM responds to O3 in a sex-dependent manner and the innate immune molecule, SP-A2, contributes to this observed sex-specific redox response.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). COVID-19 clinical cases are considered as the principal source of infection, however, asymptomatic cases may also play a role in the transmission. Significant gap exists in terms of the proportion or prevalence and transmissibility of asymptomatic cases. This study design plans to use data from areas with different epidemiological profiles to investigate the COVID-19 epidemic in China. In each selected region, both general community residents and key populations at high risk of COVID-19 infection, including recovered COVID-19 cases, close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases, medical professionals, investigators at CDCs, and visitors to fever clinics, will be recruited and examined for viral RNA of 2019-nCoV and serum antibodies. Prevalence and characterization of asymptomatic cases will be determined, stratified by varied demographics and exposure risk. During the follow-up, the change in the serum antibodies will be studied prospectively in the symptomatic and asymptomatic cases to address the scientific and public health concerns of infectivity and transmissibility of 2019-nCoV.